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Risk Assessment (Online Sex Offense)

6. Aggravating and Mediating Factors for CP Offenders

This outline presents a continuum of conduct discussed in relation to child pornography sentencing, from receipt and possession through distribution and production. It distinguishes passive from active distribution and lists offense-related factors for consideration.

5. Assessing Contact Offenders

This resource surveys research and methods used to assess people who commit contact sexual offenses against children, including individuals who solicit minors online. It discusses recidivism predictors, static and changeable risk factors, and the limits of applying established tools to online-only or fantasy-driven cases.

4. Dark Figures in CP Research

This resource examines the hidden prevalence of prior hands-on sexual offenses among people investigated for online child sexual abuse material offenses. It reviews self-report research and the disputed Butner study, while noting concerns about underreporting, study methods, and how broadly the findings can be generalized.

3. Research on CP Recidivism

This resource compiles research on later offending among people convicted of child pornography offenses, including follow-up studies, risk assessment research, and comparisons with contact offenders. The studies report varied outcomes across samples and follow-up periods, with prior offending history and age among the factors associated with later offenses, and several reviews describe comparatively low rates of new contact sexual offenses in online-offender samples.

1. Overview of CP, Non-contact Offenders

This overview summarizes the ATSA’s discussion of internet-facilitated offenses and research on recidivism among people convicted of noncontact child pornography offenses. It presents cited comparisons with contact offenders, describes reported low group-level rates alongside variation in individual risk, and discusses how criminal history, sexual interest, and self-control may inform assessment and intervention.

2. Assessing CP, Non-contact Offenders

This article reviews assessment considerations for adults convicted of noncontact child pornography offenses, including structured risk tools and factors associated with recidivism. It describes CPORT-V2 and CASIC, discusses antisociality, sexual deviance, interpersonal competence, criminal history, and impulse control, and distinguishes static from changeable risk factors.

7. ATSA Statement regarding Online Offenders

The Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers’ 2010 statement reviews forms of internet-facilitated sexual offending and the evidence available for assessing risk and planning supervision. It discusses child pornography offenses, online solicitation, differences reported between online and contact offenders, limits in risk measures for people without contact-offense histories, and the need to tailor intervention to an individual’s assessed risk.