Tag
This American Prosecutors Research Institute primer explains alcohol toxicology concepts used in impaired-driving cases, including absorption, distribution, elimination, alcohol concentration estimates, and retrograde extrapolation. It also discusses limits of estimates, post-incident drinking, multiple test results, and common defenses for legal professionals interpreting toxicology evidence.
This collection reviews research on alcohol-related disinhibition and behavior, especially sexual responses, decision-making, and risk-taking. The included studies discuss social disinhibition alongside learning, expectations, and individual factors, showing that researchers have examined several possible pathways rather than treating disinhibition as a universal response to alcohol.
This collection examines why people with intellectual disabilities may be especially vulnerable during police questioning and when evaluating confessions or waivers of rights. It summarizes case reports and studies involving suggestibility, acquiescence, decision-making, and Miranda comprehension, including findings that verbal ability predicted recall and vocabulary performance in one assessment study.
This research compilation examines how recording and presenting interrogations can affect judgments about confessions. Studies summarized in the article find that focusing the camera on the suspect can increase perceived voluntariness and guilty verdicts, while an equal view of interviewer and suspect is proposed as a way to reduce that bias and preserve context.
This overview describes the legal voluntariness doctrine used to assess whether a confession was obtained through coercion and may be excluded from evidence. It explains that courts consider the full circumstances, including interrogation conditions and police conduct as well as a suspect’s age, education, physical condition, and psychological state.
This resource describes investigative interviewing as an information-gathering approach and outlines the PEACE framework: planning and preparation, engaging and explaining, obtaining an account, closure, and evaluation. It also compiles research abstracts on memory-enhancing interviews, question style, interviewer bias, suspect interviews, and training in rapport-based methods.
This compilation outlines the Reid interrogation approach, including its accusatorial steps and maximization and minimization tactics, then surveys criticism and research concerning coercion, confession reliability, and false confessions. It includes summaries of studies comparing accusatorial or persuasion-based methods with information-gathering or dialogue-based approaches, as well as discussion of recording, training, and juvenile suspects.
This declaration describes memory processes that the psychologist says may affect recollection in a sexual-assault case. It discusses reconstructive recall, source misattribution, memory change over time, suggestion, hindsight bias, motivated memory, and imagination inflation, emphasizing that interacting influences may alter a person’s account.
This handout explains how defense counsel can request government-funded forensic expert assistance from a convening authority in a military case. Its sample request and accompanying guidance address the expert’s purpose, case-specific need, proposed work, counsel’s limits, and the legal basis for showing necessity under the Gonzalez test.
This 2022 affidavit discusses research and evaluation issues in a case involving online child-sexual-abuse images, emphasizing distinctions between noncontact online offenses and contact sexual offending. It summarizes recidivism studies and risk-assessment findings, then describes factors and professional tools relevant to evaluating risk and informing sentencing, treatment, and supervision decisions.
